APPLICATION OF GAS DISCHARGE VISUALISATION METHOD IN PLANT BREEDING
A.Melnitchouck, S.Lazarevitch, A.Z.Latypov
Belorussian Agriculture Academy
Still in plant breeding there are no parameters by which it is possible to select the best hybrids with sufficient probability right after crosses. Well known parameters give only partial information, and their connection with useful traits has correlative character. To find out the solution of this problem, we offer the method based on GDV (Gas Discharge Visualisation, or Kirlian effect). In our opinion, this method can be used for an integrated estimation of a plant condition.
At St.-Petersburg State Institute of Mechanics and Optics we conducted the experiments on studying of the seeds of durum and soft wheat with the help of GDV-system “Korona – TV” designed by Kirlionics Technologies International.
For experiences the seeds of two cultivars of durum wheat (Aktyubinskaya 75 and Hordeiphorme 728) and two cultivars of soft wheat (Kopylyanka and Souzorye) were selected, 20 seeds of each sample. Seeds carefully calibrated on their sizes were located in front of the TV-camera of the device fixing a seed luminescence in an electrical field of high intensity. Seeds were placed in such a manner that their embryo was directed to the TV-camera. The luminescence of each sample was fixed in three replications. The images of seed luminescence were fixed as graphic files for the IBM-compatible personal computer. Nine parameters of this luminescence were studied: the area of a GDV-luminescence, noise, factor of the form, fractal coefficient, parameter of brightness, deviation of a parameter of brightness, number of fragments, average area of fragments, disorder of the areas of fragments.
The analysis of the obtained results has shown essential distinctions in the degree and character of the luminescence. For example, the area of the luminescence of separate seeds in the same cultivar in some cases differed more than twice. It is impossible to explain this phenomenon by the difference in seed sizes because they were the same. Moreover, when the seeds were reversed in the electric field, the seed luminescence weakened. The decrease of the luminescence level was observed as well in case of damage in the embryo parts of seeds.
The orientation of the observed objects is an important item in the technique of the carried out research. The study of wheat seeds has shown that the different sectors of luminescence also considerably differ among themselves, however it is not possible to give any interpretation of the results because of absence of the developed technique for the analysis.
The results of the research show, that various seeds of the same cultivars can give luminescence of different character, that allows to conclude about the possibility of application of this method in seed breeding of plants. Besides, the character of the seed luminescence varies with of time.
To define the importance of the investigated parameters we have applied the factor analysis. It has been found out that the basic parameters are independent from each other. The parameter of brightness and deviation of the parameter of brightness have opposite directed factor loadings, the number of fragments and disorder of the areas of fragments are unidirectional. The average area of fragments is the parameter decreasing with the increase of the number of fragments and their disorder.
Thus, the estimation of properties of the seeds with the help of the GDV-method can be used as an additional tool for studying of traits in vegetative organisms.